Channel excavation along the canal project will produce large areas of artificial wounds，and the ecological bank slope protection works have a positive effect on wound repair.In this paper，the bank slope protection of Anhui section of the Yangtze-to-Huaihe water diversion project is taken as the research object to comb the use of the ecological bank slope protection structure of Anhui section of this project based on the design data and field survey.The results show that the type selection of the ecological structure of this project is mainly affected by the geological conditions and the characteristic water level.The concrete prefabricated block structure with a porosity of about 30% is mainly used above the normal water level of the soil bank slope，and the underwater matrix block structure with fish spawning nest function is used experimentally in local river sections at low water level.The large-frame prefabricated block structure and flexible water-level retaining blanket material are used in the expansive soil area，with porosity of 79% and 95% respectively，and the using area is above the highest flood level.