Aiming at the problem of damage identification of high piled-wharf,the paper introduces the quantum behavior optimization BSO(beetle swarm optimization),constructs the objective function by using the difference of structural modal parameters (natural frequency and mode shape),and proposes a damage identification method based on the QBSO (quantum beetle swarm optimization)algorithm.The single damage of single straight pile or single fork pile,double damage of double straight pile,double fork pile or straight pile+fork pile in a high piled-wharf model are calculated by the proposed method,and compared with BSO algorithm and PSO(particle swarm optimization) algorithm;the single damage of single fork pile after adding noise to vibration mode shape is calculated.The results show that the proposed method can identify the location and degree of damage quickly and accurately,with high computational efficiency,fast convergence speed,good stability and noise resistance.