The Fujiang sand shoal channel is located in the lower Yangtze River, which is one of the most dramatic changes and navigation obstruction channels in the lower Yangtze River. To meet the development requirement of riverside area and upstream port and the construction needs of extension upward the deep water channel, we analyze the evolution characteristics of the Fujiang sand shoal with relevant information, and get to know that the head of Fujiang sand shoal and the middle waterway of Rugao remain stable and slight erosion in recent years. The erosion and deposition of the head of Shuangjiang shoal has a greater impact on the north and middle of Fujiangsha waterway. The deep trench is instale, and the thalweg swings a large range area, which is the key part of the waterway regulation.