The reinforcement, repair or upgrade of in-service high-pile wharf structure required structural detection and evaluation. This paper introduces the characteristics of the detection and evaluation, further refines the existing detection and evaluation standards and codes with consideration of wharf’s aging and injury cases, and discusses the flow and method of detection and evaluation of the in-service high-piled wharf, with engineering examples expounded. The research results may serve as a reference for the detection and evaluation of other hydraulic structures.