强风对钦江河口盐水入侵的影响数值研究*
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国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB2604702); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(TKS20240504)


Numerical study on effects of strong winds on saltwater intrusion in Qinjiang River Estuary
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    摘要:

    平陆运河工程入海段是钦州湾—青年枢纽,受潮汐过程影响,盐水入侵剧烈。随着全球气候变化加剧,强风作用对河口盐淡水交换过程影响日益显著,对周边城市农田取用水以及船闸防腐存在不利影响。因此,研究强风背景下钦江河口盐水入侵影响机制是十分必要的。考虑平陆运河工程航道开挖尺度和枢纽运行模式,构建了钦州湾-茅尾海-青年枢纽的大范围三维数值模型,研究了强风作用下钦江河口流场、盐水分布、盐水上溯距离及盐通量的影响。结果表明:风与潮水运动同向,风应力作用使得表层流速增大,底层流速降低,反向则表层流速降低而底层流速增大;风应力能显著促进高盐度水体上溯,19‰等盐度线最大上溯3.1 km;在小潮时,风应力能有效抑制盐水分层;盐水上溯距离最大增加2.08 km;向陆盐通量最大增幅达11.53%,向海盐通量最大降幅达10.61%。

    Abstract:

    The sea-reaching section of the Pinglu Canal Project spans from Qinzhou Bay to Qingnian Hub,experiencing intense saltwater intrusion under tidal processes.With intensified global climate change,the impact of strong winds on the exchange of salt-fresh water in estuaries is becoming increasingly significant,which has adverse effects on the water abstraction for adjacent farmlands and the anti-corrosion of ship locks.Therefore,it is necessary to study the impact mechanism of saltwater intrusion in the Qinjiang River Estuary under strong wind conditions.Considering the channel excavation scale and hub operation mode of the Pinglu Canal Project,a large-scale three-dimensional numerical model of Qinzhou Bay-Maowei Sea-Qingnian Hub is developed to investigate the effects of flow field,salinity distribution,saltwater intrusion distance,and salt flux in the Qinjiang River Estuary under strong winds.Results show that when wind direction aligns with the tidal motion,wind stress increases surface flow velocity and decreases bottom flow velocity.When opposing,it decreases surface flow velocity and increases bottom flow velocity.Wind stress significantly promotes intrusion of high-salinity water,with the 19‰ isohaline advancing up to 3.1 km.During neap tide,wind stress effectively suppresses salinity stratification.The maximum saltwater intrusion distance increases by 2.08 km.The maximum increase in the landward salt flux is 11.53%,and the maximum decrease in the seaward salt flux is 10.61%.

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杨森堂,刘 洁,丁晴雨,等.强风对钦江河口盐水入侵的影响数值研究*[J].水运工程,2026(3):10-18.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-24
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