The layout of the water conveyance system is the core and soul of ship lock design.It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive comparative study of similar water conveyance systems to select a more reasonable layout,ensuring efficient and safe passage of vessels and reducing congestion.This paper comprehensively considers factors such as water conveyance efficiency of ship lock,berthing stability conditions,throughput capacity,plan layout,construction difficulty,project investment,structural durability,and the impact on working gate vibrations.By employing technical methods such as three-dimensional mathematical model analysis and physical model testing,it separately investigates the fully dispersed water conveyance system with side branch holes in the long corridor of the lock wall and the combined water conveyance system within similar water conveyance systems.The research results indicate that both systems meet the expected design goals and requirements in terms of various indicators and berthing stability conditions.The combined water conveyance system has a slightly longer water conveyance time,and it is recommended to adopt the fully dispersed water conveyance system with side branch holes in the long corridor of the lock wall.This water conveyance system can further enhance the water conveyance efficiency of ship lock,improve throughput capacity,and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the ship lock.