In the context of national regional coordination and the improvement of the transportation system, the development of the Hunan-Guangxi Canal is of great significance.We comprehensively analyze the necessity of its construction, covering aspects such as optimizing inland waterway shipping, promoting regional coordination, reducing logistics costs, utilizing water resources, and driving development along the line, highlighting its key position in the transportation strategic layout.We adopt the line-selection segmented exhaustive method.Following the principles of driving the development of the hinterland, coordinating plans, and reducing environmental impacts, we select and combine routes in the section from Pingdao on the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River to the Xijiang River, forming multiple route schemes.Through systematic calculations and comprehensive evaluations of indicators such as the waterway natural conditions, freight volume, ecological protection, project investment, ship passage time, cascade layout, and ecological environment impact of each route, we determine Route 1 to be the optimal one.Route 1 has significant advantages such as a short over-mountain section, excellent water supply method, high operating efficiency, and low project cost.At the same time, the strategic value of the Fuqun River, a tributary of the Guijiang River, as the main branch waterway is clarified.