The occurrence of surging waves has a direct impact on the safety and stability of ships and docks in the corresponding waters.This article establishes a three-dimensional numerical model of docks and ships in a straight digital river channel, simulates the motion response process of floating docks and moored ships under the action of landslide surges, analyzes the ship motion characteristics and the force characteristics of each cable when the docks are arranged on the same and opposite sides, and summarizes the dynamic response laws and mooring safety of ships and pontoon docks under the action of surges.The research shows that when encountering waves with a height of 0.5 m, both types of shore arrangements can cause instability in the hull of the river vessel, leading to instability of the barge dock and cable breakage.The stability characteristics exhibited by the vessel are completely different from those in a free sailing state.Compared with the same shore arrangement, the opposite shore arrangement results in a more significant wave angle and shore wall reflection intensity for the river vessel barge berthing system, leading to larger extreme values for various motion parameters and mooring forces.