几何形态对弯道明渠水动力特性影响的数值模拟
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Numerical simulation of influence of geometric form on hydrodynamic characteristics of curved channel flow
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    摘要:

    天然河道蜿蜒曲折,河道宽度受径流的影响,在不同时节发生显著改变,对航运安全和航道整治工程的开展造成重要影响。进行了在不同河道宽度和河道弯曲度下明渠弯道水动力特性变化的研究。采用重整化群(renormalization group,RNG)k-ε湍流模型,利用流体体积(volume of fluid,VOF)法捕捉自由液面,针对3种河道宽度和4种河道弯曲度展开数值模拟研究。结果表明,随着河道宽度增大,弯道水流分离现象更加明显;弯顶断面的纵向流速随着河道宽度的增大而增大;二次流的尺寸和强度均随着河道宽度的增大而增大,最大值出现在S60断面处。随着河道弯曲度的增大,弯顶断面的水面超高现象愈发明显;河道弯曲度对内外岸处的纵向流速分布有明显影响;外岸环流(outer-bank circulation,OBC)的尺寸和位置随着河道弯曲的增大而增大并提前。研究结果可为航道管理和整治提供科学依据和参考。

    Abstract:

    The natural rivers are meandering.The channel width changes due to variations in runoff,which have an important impact on shipping safety and the implementation of waterway improvement projects.A study on the changes in the hydrodynamic characteristics of curved channels under different channel widths and channel curvatures has been conducted.The RNG k-ε turbulence model is adopted,and the free liquid surface is captured by the volume function method (VOF).Numerical simulation studies are carried out for three channel widths and four channel curvatures.The results show that with the increase of channel width,flow separation in the bend becomes more significant.The longitudinal velocity at the bend apex section rises as channel width increases.Both the scale and intensity of the secondary flow increase with channel width,with the maximum value appearing at the S60 section.As the channel curvature increases,the superelevation of water surface at the curved crown becomes increasingly prominent.The scale of outer-bank circulation (OBC) enlarges,and its position shifts forward with the rise of channel curvature.The research results can provide scientific basis and reference for waterway management and regulation engineering.

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王云莉,陈正鍊,薛 洋.几何形态对弯道明渠水动力特性影响的数值模拟[J].水运工程,2026(8):217-225.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-08-20
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